Genetic diversity among banana cultivars from Odisha using RAPD markers

Usha Kiran1, S. K. Moahnty1, P. S. Roy1, L.Behera2 and P. K. Chand3

1Juan Biotechnology Pvt. Ltd., 2Central Rice Research Institute,
3P. G. Deptt. Of Botany, Utkal University
ushakiran434@gmail.com

Article Info		Abstract
Received: 01-08-2015, Revised: 25-08-2015, Accepted: 01-09-2015		Banana serves as an ideal and low cost food source for developing countries. Genetic variations and relationships among ten important banana cultivars of Odisha were evaluated using five decamer RAPD primers. The primers were selected after a preliminary screening of fifteen such primers for their ability to produce clear and reproducible patterns of multiple bands. The analyses resulted in the amplification of totally 24 bands of 300– 3000 bp, of which 18 bands were polymorphic, corresponding to nearly 77.33% genetic diversity. Out of six primers used, two primers namely OPO-10 and OPO-20 generates 100% polymorphism. The average polymorphism per primer was 77.33%. The polymorphism information content (PIC) of the primers in used ranged from 0.43 to 0.73. The resolving power of primer, OPO-20 was the highest (7.6) while that of primer OPP-11 was the lowest (4.0).The presence of a specific RAPD (OPO10-1500bp) band was observed for an endemic cultivar Kathia. The dendrogram analysis revealed the grouping of the cultivars into two major groups. The first groupI was constituted by eight hybrid cultivars distributed in two subgroups of six and two cultivars in sub-cluster IA and IB respectively while the second group II was represented by the two genome sample. Thus, the use of RAPD technique for the study of genetic variations in the banana cultivars was demonstrated. It was also shown that significant amount of genetic diversity existed in the samples studied, thereby providing clear genetic information for future breeding and conservation strategies.
Keywords: Banana, Odisha, RAPD, PIC, genetic variation

FULL TEXT (Click here)

LITERATURE CITED:
Aurore G, Parfait B and Fahrasmane L, 2009. Bananas, raw materials for making processed food products. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 20:78-91.
Bhat KV andJarret RL, 1995. Random amplified polymorphic DNA and genetic diversity in Indian germplasm. Genet Res Crop Evol.,42:107-118.
Brown N, Venkatasamy S, Khittoo G, Bahorun T and Jawaheer S, 2009. Evalution of genetic diversity between 27 banana cultivars (Musa spp.) in Mauritius using RAPD markers. African Journal of Biotechology, 8(9):1834－1840.
Carreel F, Leon D G, Lagoda PJL, Lanaud C, Jenny C, Horry JP, Du Montcel HT 2002. Ascertaining maternal and paternal lineage within Musa by chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA RFLP analyses. Genome, 45:679-692.
Changadeya W, Emmanuel K and Aggrey JDA, 2012. Molecular characterisation of Musa L. cultivars cultivated in Malawi using microsatellite markers. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(18): 4140-4157.
Creste S., Neto AT, Venloysky, A R.; Silva S. de O. and Figueira A 2004.Genetic diversity of Musa diploid and triploid accessions from the Brazilian banana breeding program estimated by microsatellite markers. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution,51: 723‑733.
D’Hont  A, Paget-Goy A, Escoute J &Carreel F, 2000. The interspecific genome structure of cultivated banana, Musaspprevealed by genomic DNA in situ hybridization. Theor. Appl. Genet 100: 177–183.
Doyle JJ and Doyle JL, 1990. Isolation of Plant DNA from fresh tissue. Focus 12: 13-15.
FAO 2012. FAOSTAT. Available at [http://faostat.fao.org].Accessed April 12, 2012.
Jain PK, Saini ML, Pathak H and Gupta VK, 2007. Analaysis of genetic variation in different banana (Musa species) variety using random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs). Afr. J. Biotechnol.,6:1987-1989.
Loth JP, Kiew R, Set O, GanLH and Gan YY, 2000. Amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting of 16 bananas cultivars (Musa cvs.). Mol. Phylogenet Evol., 17:360-366
Lu Y, Zhang X, Pu J, Qi Y and Xie Y, 2011. Molecular assessment of genetic identity and genetic stability in banana cultivars (Musa spp.) from China using ISSR markers. AJCS, 5(1):25-31.
Masoud S, Heywa A, Zahra N and Farah F 2008. RAPD analysis of somaclonal variation in banana(Musa acuminate L.) cultivar valery. Acta Biologica Szegediensi, 52(2):307-311.
Naikwade PV, Salavi G, Dalavi S and Jadhav K, 2015. Evaluation of antibacterial properties of Musa paradisiaca L. leaves. Proceeding of the National Conference on Conservation of Natural Resources & Biodiversity for Sustainable Development -2014. Bioscience Discovery, 6(1-I): 80-84.
Nei M, 1973. Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 70: 3321-3323.
National Horticulture Mission Year book, 2013.
Novak FJ, 1992.Musa (Banana, Plantain). In: Hammerschlag FA, Litz R (eds.).
Onguso JM, Kahangi EM, Ndiritu DW and Mizutani F, 2004.Genetic characterization of cultivated bananas and plantains in Kenya by RAPD markers. Scientia Horticulturae, 99:9-20.
Osuji JO, Okoli BE, Vuylsteke D and Ortiz R, 1997. Multivariate pattern of quantitative trait variation in triploid banana and plantain cultivars. Scientia Horticulturae, 71:197–202.
Pillay M, Nwakanma DC and Tenkoano A, 2000. Identification of RAPD markers linked to A and B genome sequences in Musa L. Genome, 43:763-767
Rasul MG, Hiramatsu M and Okubo H, 2007.Genetic relatedness (diversity) and cultivar identification by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers in teasle gourd (MomordicadioicaRoxb). Scientia Horticulturae, 111: 271-279.
Rout GR, Senapati SK, Aparajita S andPalai SK, 2009.Studies on genetic identification and genetic fidelity of cultivated banana using ISSR Markers. Plant Omics Journal, 2(6):250-258.
Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G and Nei M, 2011. MEGA5: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum livelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Mol. Bio Evol., 28: 2731-2739.
VenkatachalamL, Sreedhar RV and Bhagyalakshmi N, 2008. Genetic analyses of micropropagated and regenerated plantlets of banana as assessed by RAPD and ISSR markers. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Plant, 43: 267–274.
Vijayan K, Srivastava PP and Awasthi AK, 2004. Analysis of phylogenetic relationship among five mulberry (Morus) species using molecular markers. Genome, 47 (3): 439-448.
Williams JGK, Kubelik AR, Livak KJ, Rafalski JA and Tingey SV,1990. DNA polymorphism amplified by arbitrary primers is useful as genetic marker. Nucleic Acids Res., 18: 6531–6535.
Yeh FC, Yang R and Boyle T, 1999. POPGENE VERSION 1.31, Microsoft Window-based Freeware for Population Genetics Analysis. Quick User Guide, University of Alberta Centre Int. Forest. Res.

How to Cite this Article:
Usha Kiran, S. K. Moahnty, P. S. Roy, L.Behera and P. K. Chand, 2015. GC - Genetic diversity among banana cultivars from Odisha using RAPD markers. Science Research Reporter, 5(2):118-124.

Editor: Dr. Umesh P. Mogle, Printed, Published and Owned by Dr. Umesh P. Mogle, Published from ‘Kaushalyaaie’, P. No. 43, Priyanka Residancy, Mantha Chaufulli Jalna 431203 (M.S.) India.